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What is Scope 3?

Scope 3 emissions are indirect GHG emissions that occur in a company’s value chain — both upstream (suppliers) and downstream (customers, product use, end-of-life). Under ESRS E1-6, CSRD reporters must disclose Scope 3 emissions across all relevant GHG Protocol categories.

The 15 Scope 3 categories

CategoryTypeTypical data source
1. Purchased goods & servicesUpstreamSupplier spend + emission factors
2. Capital goodsUpstreamAsset purchases
3. Fuel & energy-relatedUpstreamEnergy supplier data
4. Upstream transportationUpstreamLogistics provider data
5. Waste generated in operationsUpstreamWaste handler data
6. Business travelUpstreamHR / travel booking
7. Employee commutingUpstreamEmployee survey
8. Upstream leased assetsUpstreamLease agreements
9. Downstream transportationDownstreamCustomer delivery data
10. Processing of sold productsDownstreamCustomer data
11. Use of sold productsDownstreamProduct performance data
12. End-of-life treatmentDownstreamIndustry averages
13. Downstream leased assetsDownstreamLease data
14. FranchisesDownstreamFranchisee data
15. InvestmentsDownstreamFinancial data

Calculation methods in Matproof

Matproof supports the three GHG Protocol calculation methods:

Spend-based method

Uses supplier spend × sector-specific emission factors.
  • Best for: First-year reporting, when supplier data is unavailable
  • Data needed: Spend by category, country
  • Emission factors: Exiobase + DEFRA databases (updated annually)

Activity-based method

Uses physical activity data × emission factors.
  • Best for: High-spend categories where accuracy matters
  • Data needed: Quantities (kg, km, kWh, etc.) from suppliers
  • More accurate than spend-based

Supplier-specific method

Uses actual emissions data reported by suppliers.
  • Best for: Key suppliers with robust carbon accounting
  • Data needed: Supplier’s verified Scope 1 + 2 emissions, allocated to your share
  • Most accurate — preferred by auditors

Setting up Scope 3 in Matproof

  1. Go to CSRD → Scope 3
  2. Select which categories are material (based on your DMA results)
  3. Choose calculation method per category
  4. Map your supplier data — either from questionnaire responses or manual input
  5. Review calculations — Matproof shows the math and data sources
  6. Export — results mapped to ESRS E1-6 disclosure requirements

Collecting data from suppliers

The supplier questionnaire includes Scope 3 data request fields:
  • For spend-based: Matproof uses your procurement data automatically
  • For activity-based: Questionnaire asks for quantities (e.g., “How many tonnes of goods did you deliver to us?”)
  • For supplier-specific: Questionnaire asks for their verified Scope 1+2 emissions and revenue attribution

Emission factors

Matproof uses the following emission factor databases:
  • Exiobase — multi-regional input-output tables (spend-based)
  • DEFRA — UK government emission factors (activity-based)
  • ecoinvent — lifecycle assessment database (product-level)
  • IPCC AR6 — global warming potentials
Databases are updated annually. You can see which version was used in your calculation audit trail.
ESRS E1-6 requires reporting Scope 3 emissions in CO2 equivalent (CO2e), covering all 6 GHGs from the Kyoto Protocol: CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6.